“proposes reforms within federal democratic republic framework, not abolishing it.”

“UML is firmly committed to federal democratic republicanism.”

“No monarchy proposal; explicitly republican.”

“Strongly opposes monarchy restoration.”

“Proposes directly elected Prime Minister and directly elected Chief Ministers.”

“Supports parliamentary system but has discussed executive stability reforms.”

“Retains federal structure but restructures provincial roles.”

“Supports full implementation of federal constitution.”

“No reduction in number proposed.”

“No official reduction proposal.”

“Abolishes Province Chief and restructures provincial governance.”

“Focus on effective functioning rather than downsizing.”

“Structural streamlining including abolishing certain posts.”

“Emphasis on efficiency reforms rather than structural cuts.”

“Directly elected CM implies stronger provincial authority.”

“Supports effective fiscal federalism.”

“Emphasizes direct election and non-partisan National Assembly.”

“Supports mixed electoral system.”

“No explicit term limit proposal.”

“No formal term-limit agenda.”

“Explicit Right to Recall provision.”

“Supports accountability but no recall mechanism proposed.”

“Operates under secular constitution.”

“Officially supports secular constitution.”

“No Hindu state demand.”

“Some internal cultural debates exist, but official position supports secularism.”

“No religious favoritism proposed.”

“Supports constitutional equality.”

“No specific conversion restriction policy.”

“National interest framing supports stricter regulation.”

“Strong diaspora integration and voting rights.”

“Balanced approach to dual citizenship.”

“Voting from abroad explicitly promised.”

“Moderate diaspora engagement stance.”

“Inclusion and gender equality emphasized.”

“Balanced constitutional interpretation.”

“Balanced stance; no strong security-first framing.”

“National security considerations emphasized.”

“Massive entrepreneurship incentives and tax exemptions.”

“Supports private sector growth alongside state planning.”

“Encourages private and citizen investment shares.”

“Strong state role in strategic industries.”

“Reformist and efficiency-driven approach.”

“Prefers reform and restructuring over wholesale privatization.”

“Tax reform not redistribution-heavy.”

“Supports progressive taxation.”

“Inclusive fund and Karuna Fund provisions.”

“Supports welfare expansion.”

“Second stock market and FDI incentives.”

“Supports FDI under national safeguards.”

“Encourages FDI with safeguards.”

“Prefers safeguards in strategic sectors.”

“No explicit labor union expansion.”

“Strong historical labor alignment.”

“Fertilizer factory and agricultural modernization.”

“Supports farmer subsidies and agricultural modernization.”

“No import restriction policy stated.”

“Supports domestic production protection.”

“No explicit land redistribution program.”

“Historically supportive of land reform measures.”

“Not specifically cooperative-centered.”

“Strong cooperative movement roots.”

“3-year compulsory early education & education loans.”

“Supports strengthening public education.”

“Merit-based VC appointment; removing PM as Chancellor.”

“Supports regulation for equality.”

“Skill training fund for marginalized communities.”

“Employment-focused education expansion.”

“Explicitly removes PM as Chancellor.”

“Supports reform but no explicit depoliticization mechanism.”

“Province-level 750-bed international hospitals.”

“Supports expansion of universal health services.”

“National Ambulance Service and public expansion implies regulation.”

“Supports health service regulation.”

“Strong public health expansion focus.”

“Supports national health insurance expansion.”

“33% mandatory gender representation.”

“Strong commitment to inclusion.”

“Creates National Proportional Inclusion Commission.”

“No major restructuring agenda.”

“No explicit mention.”

“No explicit national manifesto stance.”

“Strong inclusion and anti-discrimination orientation.”

“Supports social equality.”

“Opens major corruption files; abolishes Constitutional Council.”

“Supports anti-corruption enforcement.”

“Transparency central to manifesto.”

“Supports transparency reforms.”

“Right to Reject explicitly promised.”

“No explicit no-vote stance.”

“Pragmatic diplomacy orientation.”

“Strong balanced diplomacy stance.”

“No pro-alliance stance.”

“Supports non-aligned policy.”

“Citizen share allocation in hydropower.”

“National sovereignty prioritized.”

“Plastic ban and green corridor plan.”

“Supports urban modernization.”

“Aggressive energy development targets.”

“Strong hydropower expansion but within regulatory framework.”

“Governance accountability emphasized.”

“Supports accountability.”

“Digital economy modernization.”

“Supports digital modernization.”

“Encourages diaspora share allocation and investment.”

“Supports export-oriented growth.”

“Strong digital governance focus.”

“Supports financial modernization.”

“Transparency-first governance model.”

“Supports transparency.”

“Institutional reform orientation.”

“Balanced regulatory stance.”

“Target of 3 trillion tourism income.”

“Supports tourism expansion for growth.”

“Playgrounds in every ward; sports internationalization plan.”

“Supports sports as national pride and youth engagement.”